![]() ![]() He tells the prince about Odin's wolves Geri and Freki, and, in the next stanza of the poem, states that Huginn and Muninn fly daily across the entire world, Midgard. ![]() In the Poetic Edda poem Grímnismál, the god Odin (disguised as Grímnir) provides the young Agnarr with information about Odin's companions. Odin enthroned and holding his spear Gungnir, flanked by his ravens Huginn and Muninn and wolves Geri and Freki (1882) by Carl Emil Doepler Huginn and Muninn's role as Odin's messengers has been linked to shamanic practices, the Norse raven banner, general raven symbolism among the Germanic peoples, and the Norse concepts of the fylgja and the hamingja. Heimskringla details that Odin gave Huginn and Muninn the ability to speak.Įxamples of artifacts that may depict Odin with one of the ravens include Migration Period golden bracteates, Vendel era helmet plates, a pair of identical Germanic Iron Age bird-shaped brooches, Viking Age objects depicting a moustached man wearing a helmet, and a portion of the 10th or 11th century Thorwald's Cross. In the Prose Edda and the Third Grammatical Treatise, the two ravens are described as perching on Odin's shoulders. The Prose Edda explains that Odin is referred to as Hrafnaguð (O.N.: "raven-god") due to his association with Huginn and Muninn. ![]() In the Poetic Edda, a disguised Odin expresses that he fears that they may not return from their daily flights. The names of the ravens are sometimes modernly anglicized as Hugin and Munin. Huginn and Muninn are attested in the Poetic Edda, compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources: the Prose Edda and Heimskringla in the Third Grammatical Treatise, compiled in the 13th century by Óláfr Þórðarson and in the poetry of skalds. In Norse mythology, Huginn ( Old Norse: "thought" ) and Muninn (Old Norse "memory" or "mind" ) are a pair of ravens that fly all over the world, Midgard, and bring information to the god Odin. Vladimir's Seminary Press.Huginn and Muninn sit on Odin's shoulders in an illustration from an 18th-century Icelandic manuscript The Virtual Body of Christ in a Suffering World. American Indian Liberation: A Theology of Sovereignty. The Environs of the Digital Church: How Art and Space Form Community in Online Liturgical Events. In The Cambridge History of Judaism, Vol 3: The Early Roman Period, ed. In Transformative Lutheran Theologies: Feminist, Womanist, and Mujerista Perspectives, ed. Spirit and Body: A Lutheran-Feminist Conversation. In The Annotated Luther, Volume 2: Word and Faith, ed. London: Lexington Books/Fortress Academic. In The Alternative Luther: Lutheran Theology from the Subaltern, ed. The Queer Body-Mind in Martin Luther’s Theology: From Subaltern Sodomite to Embodied Imago Dei. The More Torah, the More Life: A Christian Commentary on Mishnah Avot. Amy-Jill Levine and Marc Zvi Brettler, 582–585. In The Jewish Annotated New Testament (NRSV), ed. Carol Hogan, Kim Power, and Anne Elvey, 115–124. In Reinterpreting the Eucharist: Explorations in Feminist Theology and Ethics, ed. Mystery Appropriated: Disembodied Eucharist and Meta-Theology. In Digital Ecclesiology: A Global Conversation, ed. ‘Beyond the Binary?’ How Digital Is ‘the Digital Church’ in the Corona Age? Analytical, Theological, and Philosophical Considerations. Dual Citizenship: Two-Natures Christologies and the Jewish Jesus. ![]() New York: Skyhorse Publishing.ĭriedger Hesslein, Kayko. The Invisible Orientation: An Introduction to Asexuality. God Is Red: A Native View of Religion 40th Anniversary Edition. Digital Religions Publications.ĭeloria, Vine, Jr. Life Together Apart: An Ecclesiology for a Time of Pandemic. Digital Religions Publications.Ĭhia, Roland. Moving Towards a Digital Ecclesiology: Key Themes and Considerations. London: Routledge.Ĭampbell, Heidi A., and Sophia Osteen. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.īutler, Judith. Border Lines: The Partition of Judaeo-Christianity. ![]()
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